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                  <text>Final Projects Spring 2015</text>
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                <text>Boston Busing and Desegregation: An Examination of this Topic’s Inclusion in the Boston Public Schools Curriculum</text>
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                <text>This paper discusses the recent addition of the topic of Boston’s court-ordered desegregation and the resulting busing riots into the Boston Public Schools history and social studies curriculum. It examines the reasons why the topic was not previously included, the factors that led to its present inclusion, and the reactions of teachers and parents. The paper also looks at the potential long-term impacts of the curriculum addition and makes suggestions for its improvement in the future. It draws on interviews with teachers, community leaders, and members of the BPS history department.</text>
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                <text>Paige Wallace</text>
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                <text>Introducing “#OneBus”, A Socio-Artistic Intervention of MBTA Buses to Foster Positive Social Interactions and a Stronger Sense of Community in Boston</text>
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                <text>The present project seeks to investigate how and to what extent public&#13;
transportation, understood as a space of daily convergence of diverse individuals and&#13;
communities, can be leveraged to promote social interaction and cohesion among diverse&#13;
and segregated communities. Specifically, this project will propose a socio-artistic&#13;
intervention called #OneBus Project—to be piloted on the #1 MBTA bus connecting&#13;
Harvard Square (Cambridge) and Dudley Square (Roxbury)—that seeks to spur positive&#13;
interactions and a shared sense of community among the diverse #1 bus passengers by&#13;
harnessing the elements of surprise and social categorization.</text>
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                <text>Constanza Vidal</text>
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                <text>Development without displacement? Green line expansion in union square&#13;
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                <text>In my final paper I discuss the Green Line extension project, and the potential impact that I will have on Union Square, and Somerville as a whole. The interesting and unusual thing about Union Square, is that while this change in population has been a natural slow shift over the past 25 years, a proposed transit project is set to dramatically tilt the demographics and cost-of-living in the near future. This project is the expanded MBTA Green line, with a new subway stop at Union Square planned to open in 2017. I believe that gentrification is already occurring in the area, and that the green line extension project will serve as accelerant to the gentrification of the area. I address possible public policy that can be put in place to prevent this possible displacement, while allowing the important transit development to continue. </text>
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                <text>Lauren Tracey</text>
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                <text>The Boston Philharmonic Youth Orchestra, a New Cultural Youth Organization, and the Transformation of Youth in a Concert Hall Replica</text>
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                <text>In 2012, the founding of the Boston Philharmonic Youth Orchestra created a new standard of artistic excellence for musical youth, and offered a new education program in which young musicians could practice their craft in an orchestra centered on orchestral leadership and artistic citizenship. The symbiotic relationship between the Boston Philharmonic Youth Orchestra and the Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology has allowed an auditorium space, a one-third-sized replica of Symphony Hall that was not often used due to its acoustical faults, to become the experimental space for new types of music events. The beginnings of this new organization has created an opportunity for community building amongst musical youth from all over Boston. This paper and podcast describes the founding of the organization as well as the many changes and influences in the Back Bay neighborhood as the result of the Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology becoming the new home of the Boston Philharmonic.</text>
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                <text>Max Tan</text>
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                <text>The Readville Guys</text>
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                <text>My dad grew up in a small part of Boston called Readville, located in the southern-most tip of Hyde Park between Dedham and Milton. He grew up playing baseball and hockey in the public parks of Readville with all of his friends. These friends, the “Readville Guys,” I call them, are still friends today. Although my father passed away nine years ago, I still see the members of this incredibly tight-knit group a few times a year. When we’re together, I become a part of the audience to their stories, as the mere presence of another Readville Guy brings out a shower of memories. For this project, I was motivated to learn about how the group got so close during their time in Readville, and what about the small neighborhood of Boston kept them close over time. I learned a lot about the strength of their friendship and their loyalty to their common roots. They have enormous pride for Readville. I entered into this endeavor with an understanding of the fun surface-stories, and learned beyond those about the times when they were really there for each other. I am coming away from this project with a stronger understanding of their group dynamic and what makes it as strong as it is, and I am left to compare the longevity of this group’s friendship to that of my own hometown friends. This project is in many ways not done. There is a lot more to unpack and understand. I don’t want people to think that my brief interpretation of what they said and what I captured in conversation is the true character of this group, but I understand that this may be the first step to ever actually achieving that. </text>
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                <text>Tanner Skenderian </text>
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                <text>Boston: A “Gay Haven”?</text>
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                <text>Massachusetts is well-known for leading the nation in revolutions, from its role in Independence from the British to its being the first state to legalize gay marriage in 2004. The gay rights revolution is a relatively new social revolution, and Massachusetts’ early start in showing support towards the gay community has earned Boston the reputation of being a “gay haven,” attracting young gay and lesbian adults to the area, helping Boston economically and intellectually. However, is Boston really a “gay haven”? Which sites have helped it earn such a reputation? Furthermore, Boston has a diverse populous of Blacks, Latinos, Hispanics, Asians, Irish, and other ethnicities that are often marginalized in society. Are marginalized people equally represented in LGBTQ sites, which pride themselves on being an accepting place for all types of people? Or has the movement become white-washed and catered to the strong presence of white, middle-aged, middle-to-upper class homosexual men? For this project, I visited four different bars throughout Boston, in Dorchester, Fenway, and the Downtown Boston area. I examine the presence of racial or gender-based segregation in these sites, as well as whether they and their surroundings seem welcoming to LGBTQ-identifying youth.&#13;
	Attached area few pictures. The first is a map of the gay bars in Boston. There are a handful of bars in Boston Proper, but Dorchester is the only of its suburbs to have even a single gay bar. The second is a picture of the side of dbar which is facing towards the street. The blinds are drawn, the door is permanently shut, and its surroundings are desolate, on a Saturday night at midnight. And the third is a picture of the hallway leading to the bathrooms at Club Café, which I found to be the most diverse and welcoming of the bars I visited. This hallway looks almost as if it belongs to another building. The first door is to the men’s room while the second is to the women’s room. In most establishments women’s rooms are located closer for convenience, but this establishment reverses that, revealing its focus on attracting male patrons. Women would have to walk down this sketchy hallway in order to use the restrooms.&#13;
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                <text>This paper offers a critical look at District Hall, a building in the heart of Boston’s burgeoning&#13;
Innovation District. I provide insights based on observation and practical experience. I identify both&#13;
positive and negative aspects of the building, in my view. My analysis is accompanied by factual&#13;
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itself is useful and a success.</text>
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                <text>Neighborhood Borders: Exploring behavior on the boundary and way-finding in the North End&#13;
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                <text>My project focuses on the North End in Boston, a unique part of the city as it has a dual role as a residential neighborhood and tourist attraction. After finding the street layout of the North End drastically different from the city around it, I decided to focus on how the boundary between the North End and the rest of the city is received by those who cross into and out of the neighborhood. In particular, in my fieldwork, I focused on the behavior of tourists and of residents as they entered and exited the North End on the boundary line, which I claim to be where the North End meets the Rose Kennedy Greenway. I focused on two street corners, Hanover and Salem Street, finding that the behaviors of tourists/outsiders differed from those of residents, particularly in terms of how many people travelled together and the pace at which they entered and exited the neighborhood. To complement behavior on the boundary, I also looked into way-finding in the neighborhood itself and what it meant for each group, tourists versus residents, respectively. The purpose of the project is to shed light on how neighborhood boundaries and borders are received by those who interact with it and what types of mechanisms govern how people find their way through the neighborhood.</text>
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                <text>The Role of the 1970s Busing in Bostonian Tribalism</text>
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                <text>	In my final project, a historical paper, I analyze and discuss the context of the 1965 Racial Imbalance Act of Massachusetts, along with the subsequent busing desegregation plan of the 1970s. These events resulted in the many protests and violent acts in affected neighborhoods such as South Boston and Roxbury, which we today associate with the busing crisis. This neighborhood-driven tribalism did not begin with the busing crisis, however. In fact, neighborhood insularity began earlier, solidified by the segregation of public housing projects in the city. The busing crisis was a misinformed attempt at correcting this problem, guided by the idea that “neighborhood schooling” was obsolete. Unfortunately, the sector that suffered most from this governmental experiment was education, and the consequence is an enduring sense of rigid neighborhood tribalism and segregation in the city of Boston to this day.</text>
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                <text>Mike Ross</text>
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                <text>Cradle of Liberty, Cradle of Knowledge: the Dual Identity of the Copley Library</text>
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                <text>	While making observations about the Fields Corner Public Library for the Dorchester assignment, I became interested in the way libraries in Boston marketed themselves as public spaces designed specifically for perceived needs in the local community. I realized I had never felt this so acutely when visiting the central branch of the Boston Public Library system in Copley square, and decided to visit and try to see if and how the Copley branched balanced the duties of being an international tourist destination with serving a local Bostonian community. I found a surprising number of indications that the Copley branch worked hard to help improve specific aspects of local life, such as the effects of homelessness or the difficulty of applying for college. In trying to figure out why I had never noticed this or why it might be surprising, I hypothesized that the other side of the library – which very explicitly acts as a museum and memorial to Boston’s ‘cradle of liberty’ culture – may consider it in its best interest to seclude these less glamorous aspects of the library, which may complicate the tourist narrative of Boston and the Copley branch of the Boston Public Library.</text>
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